John Chasse

The intersection of atomic and molecular physics with astrophysics has become a cornerstone in unraveling the mysteries of the universe. A paper by Diriba Gonfa Tolasa of the Department of Physics at Assosa University (Assosa, Ethiopia) explores the pivotal role of spectroscopic techniques in probing celestial phenomena, enabling researchers to decode the composition, temperature, density, and motion of astronomical objects through the analysis of spectral lines.For this year’s National Space Day, Tosala spoke to Spectroscopy about his paper.

Research was conducted exploring the dehydration pathways of gypsum (CaSO₄·2H₂O) and its interactions with chloride (Cl) salts under a range of thermal and environmental conditions relevant to Earth and Mars.Spectroscopy spoke to Merve Yeşilbaş, corresponding author of a paper based on this work (1), about the research.

Established to develop a community-sourced glossary covering key functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) terms, including those related to the continuous-wave (CW), frequency-domain (FD), and time-domain (TD) NIRS techniques, the fNIRS Glossary Project features over 300 terms categorized into six key domains: analysis, experimental design, hardware, neuroscience, mathematics, and physics. It also includes abbreviations, symbols, synonyms, references, alternative definitions, and figures where relevant.

A recent study conducted at the LaserLaB Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (the Netherlands) explored spectroscopic imaging techniques, including Raman and fluorescence microscopy, for characterizing microplastics (MPs), focusing on optimizing sample preparation, particularly density separation, and Nile Red staining.Spectroscopy spoke to Merel Konings, corresponding author of the paper resulting from the study, about her work

Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) employs localized surface plasmon resonance at the apex of a sharp scanning probe microscopy tip to overcome the diffraction limit inherent in conventional Raman spectroscopy, allowing researchers the ability to access spatial resolutions down to the nanometer scale. This technique has established itself as a powerful tool in nanoscale chemical analysis, delivering previously unachieved spatial resolution with superior molecular sensitivity and chemical specificity.

An effective technique used in the examination of iron atom electronic environments in both biomolecular molecules and whole animal studies, Mössbauer spectroscopy, because of its sensitivity to nuclear hyperfine interactions, yields incredibly accurate data regarding the electronic and magnetic states of nuclei, chemical bonds, and the local electronic environment structure around iron atoms.

Researchers from Cornell University have developed a label-free and noninvasive broadband EIS biosensor with appropriate bandwidth in combination with a microfluidic channel capable of hydrodynamic focusing to efficiently trap and measure the electrical properties of a single cell of Schizosaccharomyces pombe (fission yeast).

By using a handheld NIR spectrometer, researchers aimed to optimize the classification process that makes it possible to differentiate between polyolefin and non-polyolefin films with a single measurement, even for thin films. Their findings could contribute to better recycling processes, helping to address the growing plastic waste problem. Spectroscopy spoke to Hana Stipanovic, corresponding author of a paper resulting from these efforts, about this research.

A joint study between the Institute for Environment and Energy, Technology and Analytics (IUTA e. V., Duisburg, Germany) and Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf (Germany) explored the combination of size exclusion chromatography (SEC) with diode array detector (DAD) and capillary-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (CERS) to directly analyze hemolyzed serum samples. We spoke to Jana Thissen, first author of the paper resulting from this study, about her team’s work.

A recent study proposed a compact, cost-effective, handheld fiber-optic device using simplified DRS technology to track the accuracy of pedicle screw placement in spinal fusion procedures. Spectroscopy spoke to Merle Losch, corresponding author for the paper resulting from this study, about the device and the team’s efforts to produce it.

In a new study, a team of scientists used gel permeation chromatography, three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy, and UV-visible spectroscopy to assess road runoff from drinking water treatment plants to evaluate the method' capacity for removing dissolved organic matter (DOM).

To better determine fish freshness within the context of rapid spectroscopic analyses, salmon fillet was analyzed via hand-held fluorescence and absorption spectroscopy devices across the visible and near-infrared (vis-NIR) range and benchmarked against industry-standard potentiometry and the gold-standard laboratory procedure, nucleotide extraction assays, over a 11-day period.

Cuong Cao from the Institute for Global Food Security at the School of Biological Sciences of Queen’s University in Belfast and his team of researchers conducted a preliminary exploratory study and detected the presence of MPs by automated Raman spectroscopy and subsequently NPs by using nanoparticle-on-film SERS (NPoF SERS) substrate released from chewing gum base plastic, a technique that has potential in screening a varied array of environmental pollutants, as well as a point-of-site tool when coupled with a handheld Raman instrument. Cao spoke to Spectroscopy about this work, and the resulting paper.

Reflecting on 2024, the editors of Spectroscopy highlight some of the most notable articles and online content on inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and inductively coupled-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES).

In this Equipment Roundup, the editors of Spectroscopy feature Refeyn Ltd.’s upgraded MassFluidix HC system, optimizing efficiency and quality of mass photometry experiments.

Frank Vanhaecke and the Atomic & Mass Spectrometry Research Group of Belgium’s Ghent University recently developed a novel method allowing for direct isotopic analysis of mercury (Hg) in solid samples without any prior sample treatment being performed.

Spectroscopy Magazine sits down with Benjamin T. Manard of the Chemical Sciences Division at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (Oak Ridge, Tennessee), who will be receiving the Lester W. Strock Award, given by the New England Section of the Society for Applied Spectroscopy, this October.

Scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive x-ray (SEM/EDX) spectrometry analysis of cigarette burns on the corpse of a child led to adding child abuse to the charges against the alleged perpetrator.

The introduction of miniaturized near-infrared (NIR) instruments has transformed the use of technology in the field of forensics. A recent research paper examines the main aspects and provides a comprehensive, critical review of this equipment.

The Institute of Forensic Science and Criminology of Bundelkhand University (Jhansi, India) has used Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) combined with principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least square regression (PLSR) to investigate adulteration in petroleum products and to design an adulterant profiling method.

Researchers at Texas A&M University (College Station, Texas) presented a novel approach to forensic hair analysis that is based on high-throughput, nondestructive, and non-invasive surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) and machine learning (ML). Using this approach, Dmitry Kurouski and his team investigated the reliability of the detection and identification of artificial dyes on hair buried in three distinct soil types for up to eight weeks.

A multi-organizational team, believing that a reason for slow adoption is a lack of evidence that data taken on one spectrometer can transfer across to data taken on another spectrometer to provide consistent diagnoses, investigated multi-center transferability using human oesophageal tissue. By using a common protocol, the researchers aimed to minimize the difference in machine learning performance between centers.

A joint French-Canadian study examined the ripening process of commercially popular Comté and cheddar cheeses, which are widely consumed in those countries, utilizing mid-infrared (mid-IR) and synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy (SFS) in their analysis.

A recent article authored by scientists from the Institute of Sport and Preventive Medicine, part of the University of Saarland (Saarbrücken, Germany), discusses their investigation of the absolute and relative test-retest reliability of the Moxy Monitor, as well as their investigations into side differences of oxygen saturation at the vastus lateralis muscle of both legs in male cyclists.

Spectroscopy Magazine sits down with Benjamin T. Manard of the Chemical Sciences Division at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (Oak Ridge, Tennessee), who will be receiving the Lester W. Strock Award, given by the New England Section of the Society for Applied Spectroscopy, this October.

Jason Dwyer of the University of Rhode Island has been named the recipient of the American Electrophoresis Society’s Mid-Career Award, which honors exceptional contributions to the field of electrophoresis, microfluidics, and related areas by an individual who is currently in the middle of their career.

Ioan Notingher and a team of researchers from the University of Nottingham and the University of London presented a non-destructive technique based on autofluorescence (AF) imaging and Raman spectroscopy for intra-operative assessment of sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) excised in breast cancer surgery.

Ji-Xin Cheng, Moustakas Chair Professor of Photonics and Optoelectornics at Boston University. will be receiving the ACS Award in Spectrochemical Analysis award at this year’s SciX conference.

In this, the first of our 2024 SciX Award Winner interviews, Craver Award recipient Conor L. Evans of the Wellman Center for Photomedicine at Massachusetts General Hospital (Charlestown, Massachusetts) discusses his recently published study demonstrating sparse spectral sampling stimulated Raman scattering.

In this equipment roundup, the editors of Spectroscopy feature new instruments from SCIEX and ClearPoint.